| 摘要: |
| 消落带土壤生态环境对水库水质及坡岸稳定性具有较大影响，土壤酶活性具有驱动土壤物质循环进而影响生态系统的功能。本文以三峡库区梨香溪消落带土壤为研究对象，研究了四个海拔梯度和五种植被样地的土壤蔗糖转化酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和蛋白酶的活性及相关环境因子。结果表明，在不同海拔样地中，表层土壤的有机质、总氮、总磷和有效磷的含量均高于土壤下层，并且有效磷和总磷含量随海拔高度的增加而增大。四种土壤酶活性随高程的增加均总体呈现出增大的趋势。除脲酶外，167~180 m样地的下层土壤的土壤酶活性均高于165 m样地。在不同植被样地中，苔藓结皮样地的表层土壤中，蔗糖转化酶、碱性磷酸酶和蛋白酶的活性均为最大。有植被覆盖的样地土壤酶活性和土壤有机质、总氮、总磷和有效磷含量均高于裸地，其中虎杖和藻结皮植被对土壤的养分和土壤酶活性影响作用高于狗压根和苔藓结皮。四种土壤酶的酶活性与土壤总氮、总磷、有效磷和有机质含量大体都呈现正相关关系。以上结果表明，消落带土壤酶活性和土壤肥力供给能力受水淹影响，藻类结皮和苔藓结皮对消落带土壤肥力具有促进作用。 |
| 关键词: 三峡库区 消落带 土壤酶活性 植被 |
| DOI：10.14188/j.ajsh.2023.06.004 |
| 分类号:S153.6 |
| 基金项目:重庆市自然科学基金面上项目（cstc2019jcyj-msxmx0807） |
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| Influence of altitude and vegetation on soil enzyme activity in the water-level-fluctuating zone of Lixiang Creek in Three Gorges Reservoir area |
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WU Yiwen1, YAN Xianghong1, WU Min2, JIN Wenwen1, TANG Tingting1, LIAO Xiaohong1, LUO Sha1, LEI Wenqian1, CHEN Sibao3
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1.Green Intelligence Environmental School， Yangtze Normal University， Chongqing 408100， China;2.Aquatic Technology Promotion Station of Anhui， Hefei 230011， Anhui， China;3.Changjiang Survey Planning Design and Research Co.， Ltd.， Wuhan 430010， Hubei， China
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| Abstract: |
| Soil ecological environment in water-level-fluctuating zone has a significant impact on water quality and slope stability in reservoirs. Soil enzyme activity drives matter cycle and affects ecosystem function in soil. This study investigated the activities of four enzymes （invertase， urease， alkaline phosphatase， and protease） and related environmental factors at five vegetation sites along four altitude gradients in the erosion-accretion zone of Lixiang Creek in Three Gorges Reservoir area. Results showed that in different altitude plots， organic matter， total nitrogen， total phosphorus， and available phosphorus contents were higher in surface soils than those in subsoils， and available phosphorus and total phosphorus increased with altitude increasing. From 167 to180 m plots， the enzyme activities in the subsoil were all higher than those of the 165 m plots， except for urease. In terms of vegetation types， the highest activities for invertase， alkaline phosphatase and protease were found in moss crust surface layer soil. The soil enzyme activity and soil organic matter， total nitrogen， total phosphorus， and available phosphorus contents of vegetation covered plots were higher than those of the bare plots. Vegetation such as Reynoutria japonica and algae crust had greater effects on nutrient availability and soil enzyme activity than Cynodon dactylon and moss crust cover. All four enzymes showed positive correlations with total nitrogen， total phosphorus， available phosphus and organic matter contents. The above results indicate that the soil enzymatic activity and soil fertility of water-level-fluctuating zone are influenced by flooding， both algal crusts and moss crusts have promoting effects on soil fertility in water-level-fluctuating zones. |
| Key words: Three Gorges Reservoir area water-level-fluctuating zone soil enzymatic activity vegetation |
