| 摘要: |
| 大型真菌具有重要的经济价值和生态意义，是生态系统不可缺少的重要组成部分。本研究于2018年7月-10月和2019年7月-10月采用踏查法对大别山鹞落坪自然保护区和天堂寨自然保护区、仙居县和溧水区的大型真菌多样性进行调查，共采集到600多份样本，结合形态特征和分子进行物种鉴定，参考大型真菌书籍进行鉴定。结果表明：大别山研究区共鉴定得到大型真菌84种，隶属5纲11目27科56属；仙居县研究区大型真菌共计87种，隶属6纲10目25科56属；溧水研究区大型真菌79种，隶属5纲10目22科38属。多孔菌科（Polyporaceae）和口蘑科（Tricholomataceae）是三个研究区的共有优势科。α-多样性指数分析得出，在不同的生境下，多样性是溧水研究区>仙居县研究区>大别山研究区。研究结果表明，大型真菌物种的丰度与海拔和纬度呈负相关，三个研究区的大型真菌物种不仅有一些北温带特征，也有一些泛热带成分，世界分布属和北温带分布属占当地属总数的大部分。 |
| 关键词: 大型真菌 丰富度 物种多样性 Simpson指数 优势科属 |
| DOI：10.14188/j.ajsh.2022.04.006 |
| 分类号:Q-9 |
| 基金项目:安徽省教育厅重点项目（KJ2020A0714）；安徽省留学回国人员创新创业扶持计划项目（2020LCX023）；安徽省科技厅自然科学基金项目面上（1908085MC61） |
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| Macrofungal diversity in Dabie Mountain， Xianju County and Lishui district |
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LUO Xia1, SHEN Yuyu1, CHEN Qiang2, LI Wengweng1, WANG Yiyi1, ZHAO Jiahui1
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1.School of Biological Science and Food Engineering， Chuzhou University， Chuzhou 239000， Anhui， China;2.College of Life Science， Anqing Normal University， Anqing 246011， Anhui， China
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| Abstract: |
| Macrofungi have important economic and ecological value， and are an indispensable part of the ecosystem. In this study， the diversity of macrofungi was investigated in Dabie Mountain， Xianju County and Lishui district by the line transect method during July to October 2018 and 2019. More than 600 samples were collected and identified according to molecular biology and morphological characteristics. 84 species were identified in Dabie Mountain， belonging to 5 classes， 11 orders， 27 families， 56 genera. 87 species were identified， belonging to 6 classes， 10 orders， 25 families， 56 genera in Xianju County. The samples identified in Lishui district belonged to 79 species， 5classes， 10 orders， 22 families， 38 genera. Polyporaceae and Tricholomataceae are the common dominant families in the three study areas. The α-diversity index analysis shows that under different ecological environments， the diversity is Lishui district > Xianju County > Dabie Mountain. The abundance of macrofungal species is negatively correlated with altitude and latitude. In addition， the macrofungal species in the three study areas not only have some north temperate characteristics， but also have some pantropical elements. The world distribution genera and north temperate distribution genera account for the majority of local genera. |
| Key words: macrofungus richness species diversity Simpson index dominant family and genus |
