| 摘要: |
| 本综述调查了陕南地区具有地方特色的优秀畜禽汉江黑猪、巴山牛、陕南白山羊、略阳乌鸡的研究利用现状。目前，略阳乌鸡的种质资源研究较为全面，已揭示了有关羽色、生长发育、肉质性状、产蛋性能以及抗病性等分子遗传机制，商业化开发也较为突出；四川地区巴山牛地方品系宣汉牛肉质细嫩和耐湿热环境的分子机制也都被揭示，陕南地区巴山牛地方品系仅开展了亲缘关系研究；陕南白山羊虽数量多，但由于长期缺乏系统的选育，生产性能明显退化；而汉江黑猪已处于濒危状态。因此，今后应重点开展陕南地区巴山牛地方品系，陕南白山羊和汉江黑猪的种质资源研究，揭示优势性状的遗传机制，挖掘优势性状基因，促进陕南畜禽种质资源的保护和创新利用。 |
| 关键词: 陕南地区 优秀畜禽品种 种质资源 创新利用 |
| DOI：10.14188/j.ajsh.2022.01.013 |
| 分类号:S813.9 |
| 基金项目:陕西省重点研发项目（2016KTCL02-14）；陕西省教育厅项目（20JK0477）；安康市科技计划项目（AK2019NY-04）；大学生创新创业训练计划项目（S202011397048） |
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| Research progress of local excellent livestock and poultry germplasm resources in southern Shaanxi |
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CHEN Ling1, PENG Menghan1, TIAN Yue1, FAN Aoyun1, CHENG Liangkai1, LIU Qiang2
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1.School of Modern Agriculture and Biotechnology， Ankang University， Ankang 725000， Shaanxi， China;2.Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture， Ankang University， Ankang 725000， Shaanxi， China
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| Abstract: |
| This review investigates the research progress of indigenous livestock and poultry in southern Shaanxi， such as Hanjiang black pig， Bashan cattle， southern Shaanxi white goat， and Lueyang black-bone chicken. At present， the research on the germplasm resources of Lueyang black-bone chicken is relatively comprehensive， the molecular genetic mechanisms related to feather color， growth and development， meat quality traits， egg laying performance and disease resistance of this breed have been revealed， and the commercial development is also prominent. The molecular mechanisms of meat tenderness and resistance to humid and heat environment have also been revealed in the Xuanhan cattle， which is one strain of the Bashan cattle in Sichuan area. The genetic relationship of the Bashan cattle in southern Shaanxi has been investigated. There are a large number of white goats in southern Shaanxi， but the production performance is obviously degraded due to the long-term lack of systematic breeding. The Hanjiang black pig is endangered. In the future， we should focus on revealing the genetic mechanism of dominant traits and excavating favorable trait genes， to promote the conservation and innovative utilization of the southern Shaanxi Bashan cattle， the southern Shaanxi white goat and the Hanjiang black pig. |
| Key words: southern Shaanxi excellent livestock and poultry germplasm resources research innovative utilization |
