| 摘要: |
| 根据2019年4月至2021年3月的调查数据，对海南岛陵水河流域淡水鱼类群落结构、多样性及其历史变化进行了研究。共调查到鱼类47种，隶属于6目19科，其中海南特有种7种，陵水河流域历史未记录种21种。鲤形目（Cypriniformes）鱼类种类最多，为23种，占物种总数的49%。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（H′）为3.12、物种丰富度（D）为6.10、均匀度指数（J'）为0.81、优势度（λ）为0.06。与历史资料相比陵水河流域土著鱼类缺失种类达16种，其中受威胁鱼类种类锐减明显，同时外来鱼类种类显著增加。本研究结果为陵水河流域淡水鱼类多样性保护策略制定提供科技支撑，同时为海南省热带淡水鱼类多样性保护研究积累基础数据。 |
| 关键词: 陵水河流域 鱼类群落结构 物种多样性 |
| DOI：10.14188/j.ajsh.2021.06.003 |
| 分类号:S932.4 |
| 基金项目:海南省科技项目资助 （ZDY2019144）；海南省自然科学基金项目资助 （320RC748）；省海洋渔业科学技术开发及应用专项 |
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| Community structure and historical changes of freshwater fish in Lingshui River basin， Hainan Island |
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CAI Xingwei1, SUI Xinrong1, LI Gaojun1, LIANG Zhice2, LI Fangyuan1, GU Yuan1, WANG Zhenjiang1, WANG Haigui1, SHEN Zhixin1
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1.Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences， Haikou 571126， Hainan， China;2.State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea， School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences， Hainan University， Haikou 570228， Hainan， China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the survey data from April 2019 to March 2021， the community structure， diversity and historical changes of freshwater fish in Lingshui River basin， Hainan Island were analyzed. In total， 47 fish species were collected， belonging to 6 orders ， 19 families， of which 7 were endemic species to Hainan and 21 species were not recorded in the Lingshui River Basin. Cypriniformes had the largest number of species， with 23 species， accounting for 49% of the total. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index （H'）， Margalef richness index （D）， Pielou eveness index （J'）， and dominance index （λ） were 3.12，6.10，0.81 and 0.06， respectively. Compared with historical data， 16 native fish species were missing and the threatened fish species decreased obviously， while the exotic fish species increased significantly in the Lingshui River Basin. The results of this study will provide scientific and technological support for the development of conservation strategies for freshwater fish diversity in Lingshui River Basin， and accumulate basic data for the conservation of freshwater fish diversity in tropical rivers of Hainan Island. |
| Key words: Lingshui river basin fish community structure species diversity |
