| 摘要: |
| 对深山含笑（Michelia maudiae）的花部特征、开花动态、开花物候、花粉活力和柱头可授性进行研究。结果表明：①深山含笑花期为2月下旬至4月中上旬，表现为集中开花模式；②单花开放时间固定，且有二次开合现象，开放过程可分为露白、首次开花期、闭合期和二次展开期共4个时期；③深山含笑在单株水平上为同步集中式开花，单花花期约为7~12 d，单株花期约为20~38 d；④深山含笑柱头在开花前1 d已具有可授性，开放当天可授性最高，随后可授性迅速下降，而雄蕊在开花第2 d开始散粉，花粉活力最高时期为开花第3 d，为（64.6±6.1）%；⑤深山含笑为雌雄异熟且雌蕊先熟，并且雌雄特征有重叠表达阶段，这样不仅可有效减少自交，又可支持自交，足以保证生殖成功。 |
| 关键词: 深山含笑 开花动态 二次开合 雌雄异熟 |
| DOI：10.14188/j.ajsh.2021.03.013 |
| 分类号:S792.99 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31770654） |
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| Flowering dynamics and dichogamy characteristics of Michelia maudiae for tow-time flower opening and closure |
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HU Zefang, LI Dan, LIU Jing, WANGg Yubing
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College of Biology and Pharmacy， Three Gorges University， Yichang 443002， Hubei， China
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| Abstract: |
| The flower characteristics， flowering dynamic and flowering phenology， pollen and stigma viability in different flowering stages of Michelia maudiae were studied. Results showed that： ①the flowers were produced in a mass-flowering pattern from late February to early mid-April； ②the flowering process of a single flower could be divided into four periods （petal whitening， the first flowering， the closing period and the second unfolding period），and the flowering time in one day was fixed， and two-time opening-closure flowering was observed； ③the flowering phenology manifested some synchronization among single flower and individual， the flowering process of single flower lasted 7-12 days， and anthesis of individual lasted about 20-38 days； ④the stigma had receptivity the day before the bloom and had the highest receptivity on the day of opening and then decreased rapidly， and stamen began to disperse pollens on the 2nd day after flowering， and the highest pollen activity was （64.6±6.1）% on the 3rd day after flowering； ⑤Michelia maudiae showed dichogamy and protogyny in its flowering process， and there were the overlapping expression stage for both male and female sexuality， which can not only effectively reduce self-pollination， but also support self-pollination， to ensure the success of reproduction. |
| Key words: Michelia maudiae flowering dynamic two-time opening-closure flowering dichogamy |
