| 摘要: |
| 蒲公英属植物是菊科的多年生草本，全株具有白色乳状汁液，有清热、解毒、散结、利尿的功能，具有较高的药用价值。本研究通过实地调查和查阅植物标本对吉林省9种野生蒲公英属植物做形态比较研究，根据种间形态差异绘制植物形态素描图和制定植物检索表。研究结果表明，吉林省9种野生蒲公英属植物中，根据花色和叶面有无斑点可分辨白花蒲公英和斑叶蒲公英，外层苞片有无角状突起可分辨华蒲公英与蒲公英，外层总苞片形状不同可分辨出长春蒲公英与东北蒲公英，异苞蒲公英与亚洲蒲公英。其中我国特产蒲公英属植物有异苞蒲公英、斑叶蒲公英、长春蒲公英三种。 |
| 关键词: 蒲公英属 形态比较 手绘素描 植物检索表 |
| DOI：10.14188/j.ajsh.2018.06.008 |
| 分类号:Q949.783 |
| 基金项目:长白山生物资源与功能分子教育部重点实验室（延边大学）开放基金项目(NRFM201702)；延边大学青年基金项目（延大科合字2017第28号） |
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JIN Yinghua1,2,QUAN Xueli2,JIN Zhuzhe2
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1.Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education，Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China;2.Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
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| Abstract: |
| The plants of the genus Taraxacum are perennial herbs of the Compositae, and whole plant has white milk juice, which have the functions of heat-clearing, detoxifying, dispersing and diuresis. Therefore, it has high medicinal value. The comparative study of 9 species of wild Taraxacum plants in Jilin province was conducted through field investigation and plant specimens, and freehand sketching plants and making plant key for 9 Taraxacum plants according to interspecific morphological differences. The results showed that it can be distinguished from Taraxacum leucanthum and T. variegatum according to the flower color and foliage spots；the outer layer of bracts from T. borealisinense and T. mongolicum can be distinguished. T. junpeianum, T. ohwianum, T. heterolepis and T. asiaticum can be distinguished by shape of outer phyllary. Among them we can find three endemic plants of China, they are T. heterolepis, T. variegatum and T. junpeianum. |
| Key words: genus Taraxacum morphological comparison freehand sketch plant key |
