| 摘要: |
| 为掌握南宁青秀山珍贵树种展示园区域内药用植物资源的本底资料,并为专类园后续药用植物资源保护、开发与利用提供科学依据,通过地毯式调查与植物信息管理系统筛查相结合的方法,并查阅搜集药用植物相关信息,对药用植物科属种组成、生长型、生态型、入药部位和功效进行整理分析。结果表明：(1)南宁青秀山珍贵树种展示园共有药用植物349种,隶属于108科264属。含10种以上的科有3个,分别为姜科、豆科和大戟科,占总种数的13.18 %；单种科有35科,为堇菜科、虎耳草科和三白草科等,占总种数的10.03 %。药用植物以常绿乔木、常绿灌木和多年生草本为主,占总种数的73.09 %。喜阳植物占主要优势,占总种数的92.52 %。(2)按药用部位统计根类、茎类和叶类种数较多,占总种数的60.09 %；按功效清热解毒、祛风湿、消肿、跌打损伤、止痛占比较高,共占总种数的35.81 %。(3)共有珍稀濒危药用植物24种,隶属于19科20属,其中国家I级2种,为银杏和南方红豆杉；II级22种,为金丝李、千果榄仁和花榈木等。IUCN红色名录植物21种,其中受威胁等级(极危、濒危和易危)植物17种。CITES名录植物5种。南宁青秀山珍贵树种展示园药用植物资源丰富,具较好的生态效益和一定的科普教育、科学研究、物种保存功能。针对现存的不足之处,提出了几点建议：1.及时更换不适于生境的植物种类；2.融入壮族特色；3.优化种植空间布局；4.重点关注珍稀濒危药用植物资源。 |
| 关键词: 南宁青秀山珍贵树种展示园 药用植物 资源调查 现状研究 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:青秀山管理委员会科学研究项目“秋海棠属种质资源评价与创新”(QXS2021-01)；广西城市绿地生态系统服务价值评估相关参数体系研究与开发（20200321） |
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| Study on the characteristics of medicinal plant resources in Nanning Qingxiu Mountain Rare Tree Species Exhibition Garden |
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JIA Xianglu,LANG Xiaoan,REN Luming,TENG Weichao,SHI Jingzhong,WEI Yanmei
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1.Nanning Botanical Garden;2.College of Forestry,Guangxi University;3.Party School of Guangxi District Committee of the CPC
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| Abstract: |
| In order to obtain the background information of medicinal plant resources in the Qingxiu Mountain Rare tree species Exhibition Garden, and to provide scientific basis for the protection, development and utilization of medicinal plant resources in the special garden. The results were as follows: (1) Through the combination of carpet investigation and plant information management system screening, and collecting the relevant information of medicinal plants, the species composition, growth type, ecological type, drug site and efficacy of medicinal plants were sorted and analyzed. There were 349 species of medicinal plants belonging to 108 families and 264 genera in the Rare Tree species Exhibition Garden of Qingxiu Mountain in Nanning. There were 3 families with more than 10 species, namely Zingiberaceae, legumes and Euphorbiaceae, accounting for 13.18% of the total species. There are 35 families in the single species family, including Violaceae, Saxifragaceae and Trichophyliaceae, accounting for 10.03 % of the total species. The main medicinal plants were evergreen trees, evergreen shrubs and perennial herbs, accounting for 73.09 % of the total species. Heliotropic plants were the dominant species, accounting for 92.52% of the total species. (2) According to the statistics of medicinal parts, the number of root, stem and leaf species was accounting for 60.09% of the total species. According to the efficacy, clearing heat and detoxification, dispelling wind and dampness, reducing swelling, beating injury and pain, accounted for 35.81 % of the total number. (3) There are 24 Rare endangered medicinal plants, belonging to 19 families and 20 genera, of which 2 are national Class I, Ginkgo biloba and Taxus wallichiana; There are 22 species in Class II, including Garcinia paucinervis, Terminalia myriocarpa, Ormosia henryi and so on. There are 21 species of IUCN Red List plants, 17 of which are threatened (critically endangered, endangered or vulnerable). There are 5 CITES listed plants and 11 native plants. There are abundant medicinal plant resources in the Rare Tree Species Exhibition garden of Qingxiu Mountain in Nanning, which has good ecological benefits and certain functions of popular science education, scientific research and species preservation. In view of the existing shortcomings, several suggestions are put forward: 1. Timely replacement of unsuitable plant species; 2. Integrate into Zhuang nationality characteristics; 3. Optimize planting space layout; 4. Focus on cherishing the resources of endangered medicinal plants. |
| Key words: Nanning Qingxiu Mountain Rare Tree Species Exhibition Garden Medicinal Plants Resource Survey Current Situation Study |
