| 摘要: |
| Argonaute（Ago）蛋白是具有核酸结合能力的蛋白质，有些具有核酸内切酶活性。Ago在生物体中普遍存在，过去人们主要关注来源于真核生物的真核Ago蛋白，它可以结合小干扰RNA组成RNA诱导沉默复合体，是RNA干扰途径中的重要一环，具有抑制转座子活性、抵御病毒感染、调控生长发育等生理功能。近年来，人们开始关注原核Ago蛋白。与真核Ago蛋白不同的是，原核Ago蛋白的结构更加多样，更倾向于结合单链DNA向导链进行DNA干扰。不同的原核Ago蛋白通过不同的体内干扰途径，为宿主提供免疫保护。由于部分原核Ago蛋白具有对DNA链或RNA链的靶向识别和切割能力，因此可以应用在核酸检测、基因突变检测、荧光原位杂交技术等方面，并且在基因编辑方面具有巨大的应用潜力。本文概述了Ago蛋白的分类、生理功能，以及原核Ago蛋白的体内干扰途径及其应用前景。 |
| 关键词: Argonaute DNA干扰 核酸切割 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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| Argonaute-mediated interference and its application |
|
Lihuai
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| Abstract: |
| Argonaute (Ago) proteins are nucleic acid-binding proteins, some of which have endonuclease activity. Ago proteins are present in all domains of life. In the past, researchers mainly focused on eukaryotic Ago proteins. Eukaryotic Ago proteins load small interfering RNAs to form the RNA-induced silencing complex, which is an important part of the RNA interference pathways, and have physiological functions such as inhibiting transposon activity, resisting viral infection and participating in developmental regulation. In recent years, more researchers have begun to focus on prokaryote Ago proteins. Different from eukaryotic Ago proteins, prokaryotic Ago proteins have more diverse structures, and prefer to load single-stranded DNA guides for DNA interference. Different prokaryotic Ago proteins provide immune defense to the host through different interference pathways in vivo. Since some of the prokaryotic Ago proteins have the ability to target recognition and cleavage of DNA or RNA strands, they can be applied in nucleic acid detection, gene mutation detection, fluorescence in situ hybridization technology, etc., and have great application potential in gene editing. In this paper, we provide a review of the classification and physiological functions of Ago proteins, the in vivo interference pathways and application prospect of prokaryotic Ago proteins. |
| Key words: Argonaute DNA interference nucleic acid cleavage |
