| 摘要: |
| 红树林真菌由于其独特的生态特征、多样性特点和丰富的新型生物活性代谢产物而引起了广泛的关注。本文以漳江口红树林保护区4个采样点的沉积物为研究对象，采用8种筛选培养基（RBM、PDA、CDA、Martin、YM、SDA、ISP2和R2A）分离可培养真菌，根据ITS序列分析对其进行物种鉴定，并利用多样性指数分析评价不同采样点真菌群落的差异。结果共分离到274株真菌，隶属于2门12纲23目39科52属，其中优势属为枝顶孢属（Acremonium）（20.8%）和青霉属（Penicillium）（11.3%），其次是枝孢属（Cladosporium）（7.3%）和帚枝霉属（Sarocladium）（7.3%）。8种筛选培养基中，分离出真菌种属类型最丰富的培养基是RBM，其次是PDA。根据Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（H′）、Simpson优势度指数（D）、Magalef丰富度指数（R）和Pielou均匀度指数（J）的分析结果，在属的水平上，距海洋的位置越近，真菌的群落多样性越高，真菌分布越均匀。 |
| 关键词: 红树林真菌 真菌多样性 可培养真菌 |
| DOI：10.14188/j.ajsh.2023.04.008 |
| 分类号:Q934.1 |
| 基金项目:福建省中青年教师教育科研项目（JAT210476）；海洋生物医药资源福建省高校应用技术工程中心开放课题（XMMC-MBS201902） |
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| Diversity of culturable fungi from mangrove sediments in Zhangjiang river estuary |
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XU Li1,2, YUAN Shijie2, CHEN Dan1,2, ZHANG Gang1,2, QIN Fei1, ZHU Shanshan1, HUANG Guanmin3, ZHENG Yongbiao4, LUO Lianzhong1,2
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1.Department of Pharmacy， Xiamen Medical College， Xiamen 361023， Fujian， China;2.Engineering Research Center of Marine Biopharmaceutical Resource， Fujian Province University， Xiamen Medical College， Xiamen 361023， Fujian， China;3.Zhangjiangkou Mangrove National Nature Reserve in Fujian Province， Zhangzhou 363305， Fujian， China;4.Fujian Normal University， Fuzhou 350108， Fujian， China
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| Abstract: |
| Mangrove fungi have attracted widespread attention due to their unique ecological characteristics， diversity and abundant new bioactive metabolites. Mangrove sediments of four sampling sites were collected from the Reserve of Zhangjiang Estuary. Culturable fungi were isolated by 8 kinds of screening media （RBM， PDA， CDA， Martin， YM， SDA， ISP2 and R2A）， and identified through DNA sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer （ITS） rDNA gene region， then the differences of fungal community in sampling sites were evaluated by diversity index analysis. The results showed that 274 isolates were isolated from four sampling sites， and they belonged to 2 phyla， 12 classes， 23 orders， 39 families and 52 genera. The dominant genera were Acremonium （20.8%） and Penicillium （11.3%）， followed by Cladosporium （7.3%） and Sarocladium （7.3%）. RBM was the medium with the most fungal types isolated， followed by PDA. Shannon-Wiener diversity index （H′）， Simpson dominance index （D），Magalef richness index （R） and Pielou evenness index （J） show that at the genus level， the abundance of culturable fungi in sampling points near the sea is significantly higher than that near the land. |
| Key words: mangrove fungus fungal diversity culturable fungus |
