| 摘要: |
| 节肢动物（arthropod）是动物界中种类数量最多、分布范围最广的类群，现存110万~120万种。节肢动物毒素具有较强的生物学活性及独特的作用机制，其毒素分子能够作用于离子通道、细胞膜、受体和酶等靶点，影响神经、循环、免疫、肌肉等系统，从而进行快速、高效的捕食和防御。本文总结了有毒节肢动物毒素的来源、成分及作用靶点等信息，重点综述了毒素作用机制的分子基础，以及毒素参与的捕食、防御和趋避等生物学作用。 |
| 关键词: 节肢动物 毒素 作用机制 生物学作用 |
| DOI：10.14188/j.ajsh.2023.02.005 |
| 分类号:Q958 |
| 基金项目:民族地区生态环境国家民委重点实验室（中央民族大学）自主课题资助（KLEEMA202102） |
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| Research progress of arthropod toxins |
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LIU Yaqi1,2, REN Zhentao1,2, XUE Kun1,2
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1.Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment in Ethnic Areas of The State Ethnic Affairs Commission， Minzu University of China， Beijing 100081， China;2.College of Life and Environmental Sciences， Minzu University of China， Beijing 100081， China
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| Abstract: |
| Arthropods are the most diverse and widely distributed group in the animal kingdom， with 1.1~1.2 million existing species. Arthropod toxins have strong biological activities and distinctive mechanisms of action， and their toxin molecules can act on ion channels， cell membranes， receptors and enzymes， affecting nervous， circulatory， immune and muscular systems， enabling rapid and efficient predation and defense. The sources， components and targets of arthropod toxins are summarized， focusing on the molecular basis of toxin mechanisms and the biological roles of toxins in predation， defense and avoidance. |
| Key words: arthropod toxin mechanism biological role |
