| 摘要: |
| 为明确北京小西山大型真菌多样性现状，为该区森林生态系统经营提供数据支持和依据，本研究采用野外调查和文献查询相结合的方法进行大型真菌多样性研究。共采集小西山大型真菌共2门5纲10目33科65属148种。大型真菌主要优势科有6个，依次为白蘑科（Tricholomataceae）、蘑菇科（Agaricaceae）、多孔菌科（Polyporaceae）、鬼伞科（Psathyrellaceae）、红菇科（Russula）、牛肝菌科（Boletaceae），共包括99个种，约占总种数的36.5%。现有大型真菌生态习性多样，木生、土生和共生类型均有分布，尤以木生和土生真菌为多。区系分布以世界广布属和温带分布属为主，极少其他成分。分布特征与栎类、油松等为代表的典型林分类型及海拔密切相关。研究结果表明真菌生物多样性调查及其保护、利用应与森林经营相结合，以森林生态系统经营的理念为指导，从林分类型、立地条件、人为干扰特征与大型真菌的关联性方面开展定量研究，为森林的可持续经营提供了宝贵的数据基础和研究思路。 |
| 关键词: 大型真菌 多样性 森林生态系统经营 |
| DOI：10.14188/j.ajsh.2021.05.008 |
| 分类号:S750 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Species diversity of macrofungi in Xiaoxishan moutain of Beijing |
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JIN Yingshan1, ZHOU Xiaodong1, MA Runguo2, WANG Qingchun3, LI Hui3, REN Yunmao1
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1.Beijing Xishan Experimental Forest Farm， Beijing 100093， China;2.Beijing Danqing Landscaping Co. ， Ltd， Beijing 100093， China;3.School of Ecology and Nature Conservation， Beijing Forestry University， Beijing 100083， China
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| Abstract: |
| In order to clarify the situation of macrofungi resources and provide a basis for forest ecosystem management in Xiaoxishan mountain of Beijing， species diversity was analyzed based on field investigation and literature search. 148 species of macrofungi， belonging to 2 phyla， 5 classes， 10 orders， 33 families， 65 genera， were recorded. There are 6 dominant families of macrofungi of Tricholomataceae， Agaricaceae， Polyporaceae， Psathyrellaceae， Russulaceae and Boletaceae， including 99 species， accounting for about 36.5% of the total species. The ecological habits of these macrofungi include lignicolous type， earthborn type， and symbiotic type， and the first two types have more species than the third type. The floristic distribution is dominated by the world widespread genera and temperate distribution genera， with very few other components. The distribution characteristics of macrofungi are closely related to the typical forest types which represented by Quercus， Pinus tabulaeformis and altitudes. The research results suggest that the biodiversity investigation， protection and utilization of macrofungi should be combined with forest management， guided by the concept of forest ecosystem management， and quantitative research is carried out on the relationship between forest types， site conditions， human disturbance characteristics and macrofungi， which provides a valuable data basis and research ideas for the sustainable management of forests. |
| Key words: macrofungus diversity forest ecosystem management |
