| 摘要: |
| 研究了不同温度对家蝇（Musca domestica L.）广州种群繁殖力及卵黄蛋白发生的影响，旨在为利用家蝇广州种群大规模高效养殖提供技术支持。选同一天刚羽化的健康雌、雄蝇，分别置于20、24、28、32和36 ℃环境下单对饲养，重复6次。每天测定成虫日产卵量、卵孵化率及死亡数等，统计家蝇单雌产卵量、卵孵化率、成虫寿命、产卵前期和产卵期；同时自雌蝇羽化第一日起，连续15 d，每天每个温度处理下取雌蝇3头，采用间接酶联免疫（indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay， ID-ELISA）法测定5种温度下雌蝇每日卵黄蛋白合成量及羽化后前15 d卵黄蛋白合成总量。结果表明，温度对家蝇成虫繁殖力影响显著。产卵量以24 ℃环境下最高（1 921.17 粒/雌），24~28 ℃时产卵量显著下降。28 ℃时卵孵化率最高（93.48%），高或低于此温度，卵孵化率显著下降，当温度达36 ℃时，孵化率仅为60.78%。雌蝇在20~28 ℃范围内产卵期差异不显著， 32 ℃及以上温度下，雌蝇产卵期显著缩短。产卵前期以20 ℃最长（9.83 d），28 ℃最短（3.00 d），高于28 ℃产卵前期又显著延长。雌、雄蝇寿命均随着温度升高而显著缩短。温度对广州种群雌蝇羽化后前15 d的卵黄蛋白合成影响显著，24 ℃下前15 d合成的总卵黄蛋白最高（1 683.15 μg/雌），其次为28 ℃（1 591.95 μg/雌），20 ℃最低（232.81 μg/雌）。家蝇广州种群在24~28 ℃繁殖效率最高。 |
| 关键词: 家蝇 成虫 温度 繁殖力 卵黄蛋白 |
| DOI：10.14188/j.ajsh.2021.02.009 |
| 分类号:Q965 |
| 基金项目:广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项（A201601C07）；清远市科技计划项目（2013C008）；中央财政农业科技推广专项（2012） |
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| Effects of different temperatures on the fecundity and vitellogenesis of Guangzhou population of Musca domestica adult |
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LIU Jianbai1,2, ZHAO Tian1, ZHAO Peiya1, WANG Fanghai1, LI Guanghong1
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1.School of Life Sciences，Sun Yat-sen University， Guangzhou 510275， Guangdong， China;2.Guangdong Provincial Bioengineering Institute， Guangzhou 510316， Guangdong， China
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| Abstract: |
| This study focused on the effects of different temperatures on the fecundity and vitellogenesis of Guangzhou population of Musca domestica adult to provide technical support for the large-scale and efficient breeding of Musca domestica. Healthy female and male Musca domestica just emerged on the same day were selected and placed at 20， 24， 28， 32 and 36 °C in a single pair， with 6 repeats. The egg production， egg hatching rate and death rate， single female egg production， egg hatching rate， life span， preoviposition and oviposition period of housefly adults were also recorded daily. 3 female flies were taken from the first day after the female flies emerged for 15 consecutive days and the amount of vitellogenin were determined by ID-ELISA. Temperature has a significant effect on the reproduction of houseflies. The spawning amount was highest at 24 ℃ （1 921.17 eggs/female）， and decreased significantly beyond the temperature range of 24~28 ℃. The egg hatching rate was highest （93.48%） at 28 ℃. When the temperature reached 36 ℃， the hatching rate was only 60.78%. There was no significant difference in the oviposition period of female flies within the temperature range of 20~28 ℃， when the temperature reached or exceeded 32 ℃， the spawning period of female flies was significantly shortened. The pre-spawning period was the longest at 20 °C （9.83 days） and the shortest at 28 °C （3.00 days）. The lifespan of both male and female flies decreased significantly with increasing temperature. The temperature had a significant effect on the vitellogenin synthesis of the female flies in the first 15 days after emergence. The total vitellogenin synthesized by female flies in the first 15 days was the highest （1 683.15 μg/female） at 24 ℃， followed by 28 ℃ （1591.95 μg/female）， while the lowest at 20℃ （232.81 μg/female）. The Guangzhou population of housefly has the highest reproduction efficiency at 24~28 ℃. |
| Key words: Musca domestica adult temperature fertility vitellogenin |
