| 摘要: |
| 利用GET技术可以有效地降解秸秆生产清洁能源生物甲烷，达到无害化处理与利用秸秆的目的。本研究应用GET技术研究了发酵基质（秸秆∶牛粪）配比和温度对秸秆降解及土壤肥力的影响，以求为GET技术的推广与应用提供支撑。结果表明，各处理因素中发酵基质配比和温度及其相互作用对秸秆纤维素和半纤维素的降解有显著影响，两因数的交互作用对纤维素和半纤维素的降解也有显著作用，但对木质素的影响不显著。其中发酵基质配比以1∶1最为适宜，其纤维素和半纤维素的降解率分别为55.39%和27.75%；秸秆纤维素的降解率随着温度的升高而增加，但半纤维素降解率在30 ℃时达到最高，分别比10 ℃、20 ℃和40 ℃时高33.80%、18.37%和6.26%。发酵基质配比和温度对厌氧发酵后土壤的肥力也有显著作用，土壤有机质、全氮和全磷含量均以1∶1配比处理和30 ℃处理条件下为最高。GET技术的应用还能显著改善土壤结构，厌氧发酵后土壤微团聚体粒径组成由小团聚体转化为大团聚体为主，土壤微团聚体分形维数显著下降。 |
| 关键词: GET技术 水稻秸秆 降解率 土壤团聚体 |
| DOI：10.14188/j.ajsh.2020.02.008 |
| 分类号:Q815 |
| 基金项目:湖北省科技创新专项重点项目（2016AHB014） |
|
| Effects of mixed fermentation with cow manure and straw on the degradation of straw and soil fertility |
|
WANG Wan1, CHEN Fangqing1, HUANG Yongwen2, LIU Yangyun2, ZHANG Hang1, QIN Kai1
|
|
1.Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Center of Ecological Conservation and Management in Three Gorges Area, China Three Gorges University， Yichang 443002， Hubei, China;2.Hubei Zhengjiang Environmental Science & Technology Co.，Ltd， Yichang 443002， Hubei， China
|
| Abstract: |
| GET (methane gas as renewable energy at rice fields) technology can effectively degrade straw and produce clean energy biomethane with the aims of harmless treatment and resource reuse. The study determined the effects of fermentation matrix (bovine manure and straw) ratio and temperature on the degradation of straw and soil fertility for the application of GET technology in China. The results showed that the fermentation substrate ratio and temperature significantly affected on the degradation of straw. The optimum ratio of fermentation raw materials was 1∶1 with 55.39% cellulose degradation and 27.75% hemicellulose degradation, respectively. The degradation of cellulose increased with the temperature rising. However, the degradation of hemicellulose reached the highest at 30 °C, which is 33.80%, 18.37% and 6.26% higher than those degradated at 10 °C, 20 °C and 40 °C, respectively. The ratio of fermentation substrate and temperature also significantly affected soil feitility after anaerobic fermentation. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus content were the highest under the treatment of 1∶1 ratio and 30 °C. The application of GET technology can significantly improve soil structure. After anaerobic fermentation, the particle size composition of soil microaggregates changed from small aggregates to large aggregates, and the fractal dimension of soil microaggregates decreased significantly. |
| Key words: GET technology rice straw degradation rate soil aggregates |
