|
| 摘要: |
| 烃类物质在海洋环境中广泛分布,深海可能含有特殊的烃降解微生物。本研究通过对西南印度洋中脊与印度洋中部深海沉积物中石油降解菌的富集培养和分离鉴定,从6个站点的样品中共分离得到800株菌,通过BOX-PCR去重复菌株后,对其中183株菌进行了16SrRNA基因序列分析,发现这些菌分属于23个属;其中,γ-变形菌纲的食烷菌属(Alcanivorax)和放线菌纲的微杆菌属(Microbacterium)占优势。此外,还发现了食烷菌属2个潜在的新种、假海栖菌属(Pseudooceanicola)1个潜在新种。高通量测序结果证明,富集菌群中γ-变形菌纲是优势菌,主要包括食烷菌属、盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)、海杆菌属(Marinobacter)等。结合可培养菌与高通量测序结果,食烷菌属、盐单胞菌属、海杆菌属、交替假单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas)、海源菌属(Idiomarina)与微杆菌属(Microbacterium)是沉积物样品中常见的石油烃降解菌,迪茨氏菌属(Dietzia)、红球菌属(Rhodococcus),假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、赤杆菌属(Erythrobacter)与副球菌属(Paracoccus)等可能也参与了烃的降解。 |
| 关键词: 印度洋 深海沉积物 石油烃 生物降解 油降解菌 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Isolation, characterization and diversity of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in deep-sea sediments of Indian Ocean |
|
YANG Yang, SHAO Zongze
|
| Abstract: |
| Hydrocarbons are widespread in marine environments; hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria possibly occur in pelagic deep sea environments featured of low temperature, high pressure and dark. This study analyzed the petroleum-degrading bacterial diversity of six deep-sea sediments from Indian Ocean by oil enrichment, bacterial isolation and characterization, and high-throughput sequencing of the degrading communities. Together, 800 bacteria were isolated and subject to BOX-PCR analysis; and then 183 strains were chosen to 16S rRNA sequence determination. Phylogenetic analysis showed that they belonged to 23 genera, mainly belonging to γ-Proteobacteria with Alcanivorax genus as the dominant bacteria in addition to genus Microbacterium of Actinobacteria, and Acanivorax venustensis was probably the most prevalent species. Some novel bacterial species were found as oil-degrading bacteria such as two potential species of Alcanivorax and one belonging to Pseudooceanicola. High-throughput sequencing revealed that the dominant members in the oil-degrading communities included Alcanivorax, Halomonas and Marinobacter. Combined the results of cultivation and non-cultivation, bacteria of Alcanivorax, Halomonas, Marinobacter and Microbacterium were prevalent in both Southwest Indian Ridge and India Ocean basin as the potential hydrocarbon degrading bacteria, while bacteria of Dietzia, Rhodococcus, Pseudomonas, Erythrobacter and Paracoccus were possibly involved in hydrocarbon degradation as well. |
| Key words: Indian Ocean deep-sea sediment petroleum hydrobcarbon biodegradation oil-degrading bacterium |
